Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Notes

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to DanishClass101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 15 - Making Your Way to a Danish Festival. John here.
Nana: Hej I'm Nana.
John: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to discuss past events and regrets. The conversation takes place at the station.
Nana: It's between Johan and Mia.
John: The speakers are family members. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
Mia: Skynd dig! Toget holder der allerede.
Johan: Vi havde ikke behøvet at løbe, hvis vi var blevet kørt herhen.
Mia: Havde vi fået nogen til at køre os, havde vi ikke behøvet at tage bussen.
Johan: Ja, bare NOGEN havde husket at spørge mor i god tid.
Mia: Ja ja, jeg ved det godt. Hmm, der er mange, som kun har skuldertasker og rygsække med.
Johan: Jeg ville ønske, at jeg havde taget imod Sofias tilbud om at tage dit telt med også.
Mia: Jeg vidste ikke, at Sofia allerede var taget derhen.
Johan: Jeg er dog glad for, vi ikke tog med hende og de andre, fordi det havde regnet den første nat.
Mia: Gid jeg havde vidst det! Så havde jeg byttet min vagt. Og taget en paraply med.
Johan: Du havde så også været tvunget til at slæbe rundt på dit eget telt. Det vejer godt til!
Mia: Jeg skal nok belønne dig med en burger på festivalen. Hvis du ikke havde båret det, var vi aldrig nået herhen.
Johan: Øh, der kører toget...!
John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Mia: Skynd dig! Toget holder der allerede.
Mia: Hurry up! The train is already there.
Johan: Vi havde ikke behøvet at løbe, hvis vi var blevet kørt herhen.
Johan: We wouldn’t have had to run, if we’d been driven here.
Mia: Havde vi fået nogen til at køre os, havde vi ikke behøvet at tage bussen.
Mia: Had we gotten someone to drive us, we wouldn’t have had to take the bus.
Johan: Ja, bare NOGEN havde husket at spørge mor i god tid.
Johan: Yes, if only SOMEONE had remembered to ask mom in time.
Mia: Ja ja, jeg ved det godt. Hmm, der er mange, som kun har skuldertasker og rygsække med.
Mia: Yeah yeah, I know. Hmm, there are many people who are only bringing shoulder bags and backpacks.
Johan: Jeg ville ønske, at jeg havde taget imod Sofias tilbud om at tage dit telt med også.
Johan: I wish that I had taken Sophia's offer of taking your tent along too.
Mia: Jeg vidste ikke, at Sofia allerede var taget derhen.
Mia: I didn't know that Sophia had already gone there.
Johan: Jeg er dog glad for, vi ikke tog med hende og de andre, fordi det havde regnet den første nat.
Johan: I'm glad, though, that we didn't go with her and the others, because it rained the first night.
Mia: Gid jeg havde vidst det! Så havde jeg byttet min vagt. Og taget en paraply med.
Mia: I wish I had known! Then I would have traded my shift. And brought an umbrella.
Johan: Du havde så også været tvunget til at slæbe rundt på dit eget telt. Det vejer godt til!
Johan: You would have also been forced to carry around your own tent then. It’s quite heavy!
Mia: Jeg skal nok belønne dig med en burger på festivalen. Hvis du ikke havde båret det, var vi aldrig nået herhen.
Mia: I'll reward you with a burger at the festival. If you hadn’t carried it, we would never have managed to get here.
Johan: Øh, der kører toget...!
Johan: Uhm, there goes the train...!
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
John: Mia and Johan are going to a festival, and seem to be having an adventure already.
Nana: But maybe not as much of an adventure as Sophia and the other people there.
John: Rain at festivals is the worst, especially when you’re camping.
Nana: It’s not fun, is it? In the summer in Denmark there are many festivals.
John: What are they like?
Nana: Small towns have festivals with live music, food, and dancing.
John: Do larger cities have festivals too?
Nana: Yes, they sometimes have music festivals that feature local and international artists.
John: Music festivals are my favorite festivals.
Nana: Really? I love Middle Ages themed festivals and ringridning.
John: What is that?
Nana: It’s a sport on horseback, where you pierce a ring with a lance.
John: Oh, so it’s like jousting only with rings? Cool. Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is...
Nana: skynde sig [natural native speed]
John: to hurry, to hurry up, to hasten, to be quick
Nana: skynde sig [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: skynde sig [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: nogen [natural native speed]
John: some, any, somebody, anybody
Nana: nogen [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: nogen [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: i god tid [natural native speed]
John: in good time
Nana: i god tid [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: i god tid [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: imod [natural native speed]
John: against
Nana: imod [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: imod [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: glad [natural native speed]
John: happy, glad, pleased
Nana: glad [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: glad [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: tvinge [natural native speed]
John: to force, to compel
Nana: tvinge [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: tvinge [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: slæbe [natural native speed]
John: to haul, to drag
Nana: slæbe [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: slæbe [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: veje [natural native speed]
John: to weigh
Nana: veje [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: veje [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Nana: belønne [natural native speed]
John: to reward
Nana: belønne [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: belønne [natural native speed]
John: And last...
Nana: nå [natural native speed]
John: to reach, to be in time for, to have time to, to manage to
Nana: nå [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Nana: nå [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is...
Nana: tage imod
John: meaning "to receive, to accept." What can you tell us about this expression?
Nana: First is the irregular verb tage,
John: which means "to take,"
Nana: and then the preposition imod, which means "toward.”
John: If we take that literally, it doesn’t make much sense...
Nana: No, it doesn’t. Just remember it as being similar to the English “to receive,” or “to accept.”
John: Okay, so we use it when we’re accepting something?
Nana: Yes, like an offer or a suggestion.
John: Can you give us an example using this phrase?
Nana: Sure. For example, you can say, De tog imod pengene alligevel.
John: ...which means "They accepted the money anyway."
John: Okay, what's the next phrase?
Nana: være glad for
John: Meaning "to be glad that." What can you tell us about this expression?
Nana: The phrase consists of the irregular verb være
John: which means "to be,"
Nana: the adjective glad,
John: which means "glad,"
Nana: and finally the preposition for, which most commonly means "for."
John: In this case, that preposition is used to show that we are happy about something.
Nana: Yes, you use this phrase when you’re happy that something has happened, or will happen.
John: Is that always the case?
Nana: When the phrase is followed by an object, its meaning changes to "to like."
John: Can you give us an example using this phrase?
Nana: Sure. For example, you can say, Hun er glad for, de kan følges.
John: ...which means "She is glad they can go together."
John: Okay, what's the next phrase?
Nana: veje til
John: Meaning "to be heavy." Can you break this expression down for us?
Nana: The phrase consists of the regular verb veje,
John: which means "to weigh,"
Nana: and the preposition til, which means "to."
John: So we can use this to describe the weight of someone or something.
Nana: Yes, but like with many other languages, be careful if you’re talking about the weight of a person!
John: Of course! It’s usually best to avoid that discussion altogether.
Nana: I think so too!
John: Can you give us an example using this phrase?
Nana: Sure. For example, you can say, Din kuffert vejer godt til.
John: ...which means "Your suitcase is quite heavy." Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus

John: In this lesson, you'll learn how to discuss past events and regrets.
Enter Lesson Focus section here.
John: To do this, I guess we’ll need to use the past tense, right?
Nana: Right. We’ve talked about the past perfect tense in previous lessons. And, we’ve used the auxiliary verbs have and være.
John: What’s the difference between the two?
Nana: Have is more commonly used. It’s used when the action itself is the focus.
John: And the other auxiliary verb?
Nana: Være, which means “to be,” is used with verbs which describe a change or physical movement of some kind, as in from one place to another.
John: In both cases, the auxiliary verb is conjugated in past tense and followed by the past participle of another verb.
Nana: You form the past participle by adding -et or just -t to the base or imperative form of a verb.
John: You can also use the past perfect tense when imagining if a past event had gone differently.
Nana: In this case, it's often used with the conditional hvis, which means “if.”
John: Let’s look at some examples.
Nana: De vidste ikke, at hun allerede var taget afsted.
John: “They did not know that she had already left.”
Nana: Vi havde nået det, hvis vi var løbet.
John: “We would have made it, if we had run.” How do we say that we wish things had been different in the past?
Nana: You use the modal verb ville,
John: which means “to will,”
Nana: and the regular verb ønske, which means “to wish.”
John: An example, please?
Nana: Pigen ville ønske, at han var taget med.
John: “The girl wishes that he had come along.”
Nana: You can also use the adverbs bare and gid for this. Bare usually means “just” or “only...”
John: ...but when used in this context, it means “I wish.” These adverbs are placed at the very beginning of a sentence in the past perfect tense.
Nana: For example, Bare jeg havde pakket mine gummistøvler.
John: “I wish I had packed my rubber boots.”
Nana: Or Gid toget havde været forsinket for en gangs skyld.
John: “I wish the train had been late for once.”

Outro

John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Nana: Hej hej!

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